Diagram of gene transcription factors espresso cup

• transcription – copying of DNA by RNA polymerase into RNA • factor – a substance, such as a protein, that contributes to the cause of a specific biochemical reaction or bodily process • transcriptional regulation – controlling the rate of gene transcription for example by helping or hindering RNA polymerase binding to DNA • upregulation, activation, or promotion – increase the rate of gene transcription • downregulation, repression, or suppression – decrease the rate of gene transcription • coactivator – a protein that works with transcription factors to increase the rate of gene transcription • corepressor – a protein that works with transcription factors to decrease the rate of gene transcription